Early activation of nSMase2/ceramide pathway in astrocytes is involved in ischemia-associated neuronal damage via inflammation in rat hippocampi

Table 1 Signal transduction inhibitors or agonists and their corresponding targets ^a

Agent	Abbreviation	Target	Company
GW4869		nSMase2 inhibitor	Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Daunorubicin	DNR	nSMase2 agonist
R-7050		TNF-α receptor antagonist
SB-203580		p38MAPK inhibitor
PP2B inhibitor dithiocarbamate		PP2B inhibitor
Imipramine	Lim	aSMase inhibitor	Sigma-Aldrich
MRS-1754		Selective antagonist for A2B adenosine receptors	Sigma-Aldrich
Rottlerin		PKCδ inhibitor	Enzo Life Sciences

^a aSMase acid sphingomyelinase, nSMase2 neutral sphingomyelinase 2, p38MAPK p38 mitogen-activated kinase, PKCδ protein kinase Cδ, PP2B protein phosphatase 2B, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α.

ISSN: 1742-2094