Figure 1

Effect of ET-1 on chemokine mRNA expression in cultured rat astrocytes. (A) Serum-starved astrocytes were treated with 100 nM ET-1 for the times indicated. The expression of CCL2, CXCL1, CCL5, CXCL12 and CX3CL1 mRNA was normalized to G3PDH and expressed as the % of 0 hour. Data are the mean ± SEM of 6 to 16 experiments. *P <0.05 and **P <0.01 versus 0 hour by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. (B) Astrocytes were treated with the indicated concentrations of ET-1 for one (CCL2 and CXCL1) or six (CX3CL1) hours. Data are the mean ± SEM of five to eight experiments. *P <0.05 and **P <0.01 versus none by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. ANOVA, analysis of variance; ET-1, endothelin-1; G3PDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; SEM, standard error of the mean.