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Figure 5 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 5

From: The microglial activation state regulates migration and roles of matrix-dissolving enzymes for invasion

Figure 5

Contributions of extracellular matrix (ECM)-degrading enzymes. The enzyme inhibitors included three class-specific but broad-spectrum inhibitors: 5 μM GM6001 to inhibit MMPs, 5 μM OGT 2115 to inhibit heparanase, and the cysteine protease inhibitor, 10 μM E-64, which also inhibits cysteine cathepsins, including Cat B, K, L1 and S. The selective cathepsin inhibitors were: 5 nM Z-FL-COCHO to inhibit Cat S, and 250 nM 1,3-Bis(CBZ-Leu-NH)-2-propanone, also called Cat K inhibitor I. Microglia were untreated or exposed to 20 ng/ml IL4 for 24 hr. A) Transmigration through open 8-μm diameter holes in the filters of Transwell™ chambers. B) Invasion through Matrigel™-coated 8-μm diameter holes. *IL4-treated differ from control cells; #differs from untreated cells; †differs from IL4 alone. Two symbols, P <0.01; three symbols, P <0.001.

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