Figure 1

CSF MMP-9 levels in seizure patients and controls. (A) Boxplot representing the distribution (median and interquartile range) of CSF MMP-9 concentrations for control subjects (Control) and seizure patients (Epilepsy). Significantly higher MMP-9 levels in seizure patients compared with controls are shown. (B) Patients with repetitive generalized tonic-clonic seizures tended to have higher CSF MMP-9 levels compared with those who had single generalized tonic-clonic seizure and controls. (C) No significant difference found between temporal and extratemporal epilepsy (P > 0.05). (D) No significant difference between AEDs treatment groups (P > 0.05). Horizontal line indicates median. Significant change at P < 0.001 using Mann–Whitney U tests.