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Figure 9 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 9

From: Hypertonic saline alleviates cerebral edema by inhibiting microglia-derived TNF-α and IL-1β-induced Na-K-Cl Cotransporter up-regulation

Figure 9

NKCC1 expression in astrocytes after TNF-R and IL-1R antagonist treatment. Immunofluorescence images show the expression of GFAP (A, D, G, J, M, green), and NKCC1 (B, E, H, K, N, red). Co-localized expression of GFAP and NKCC1 can be seen in C, F, I, L and O. Note that TNF-R and IL-1R antagonist could revert the effect of TNF-α and IL-1β on NKCC1 expression. Scale bars: (A–O), 20 μm. GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; IL-1R, interleukin-1 receptor; NKCC1, Na-K-Cl Cotransporter 1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094