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Table 1 Demographic characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) cases, developmental delay (DD) and general population (GP) controls - the Early Markers for Autism study

From: Neonatal cytokines and chemokines and risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder: the Early Markers for Autism (EMA) study: a case-control study

Characteristics

ASD (n = 84)

GP (n = 159)

DD (n = 49)

Chi-square

 

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

P-values

    

ASD versus GP

DD versus GP

Gender

     

  Male

73 (86.9)

139 (87.4)

29 (59.1)

0.89

< 0.01

  Female

11 (13.1)

20 (12.6)

20 (40.8)

  

Maternal ethnicity

     

  Hispanics

20 (23.8)

73 (45.9)

28 (57.1)

  

  Non-Hispanics

64 (76.2)

86 (54.1)

21 (42.9)

< 0.01

0.12

Maternal place of birth

     

  US

45 (53.6)

71 (44.7)

16 (32.7)

< 0.01

0.26

  Mexico

9 (10.7)

58 (36.5)

22 (44.9)

  

  Other

30 (35.7)

30 (18.8)

11 (22.4)

  

Maternal age (median and inter-quartile range)

31 (28 – 34)

28 (24 – 32)

29 (25 – 32)

< 0.01

0.68

  Gestational age (GA in days)

     

  Preterm (GA < 260 days)

9 (10.7)

23 (14.5)

11 (22.5)

0.42

0.20

  Term (GA ≥ 260 days)

75 (89.3)

136 (85.5)

38 (77.5)

  

  GA median and interquartile range

276 (269 – 280)

274 (267 – 279)

276 (265 – 282)

0.22

0.90

Child age (in days at newborn blood draw, median and inter- quartile range)

1.22 (1.02 – 1.76)

1.18 (1.03 – 1.56)

1.40 (1.05 – 2.27)

0.38

0.03

Birth year

     

  2000

23 (27.4)

31 (19.5)

26 (53)

0.15

< 0.01

  2001

61 (72.6)

128 (80.5)

23 (47)

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