Figure 1

Peripheral lipopolysaccharide administration induces M1-type pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine protein profiles in mouse brain. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with saline or 2 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Brains were removed 24 hours later, and the hypothalamus and hippocampus were dissected and homogenized. The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα and chemokine CCL2 were quantified by cytometric bead array. Bars represent the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.001 versus saline control; n = 5.