Figure 1

S. aureus induces global antibacterial response genes in retinal Müller glia. The human retinal Müller glia cell line (MIO-M1) was infected with S. aureus (SA) for four hours. Total RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed, and subjected to RT² PCR array for human antibacterial response genes. The quantification of induced genes was determined via RT² profile PCR array data analysis software V4 (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA). Genes which showed a > two-fold increase in their level of expression are shown in left panel (A), while genes which showed a < two-fold increase are shown in the right panel (B). The data are represented as bar graph and it is a representative of two independent experiments. The interaction among the genes was assessed using central pathway analysis and depicted in panels (C, D). The pathway analysis shows the interaction map of all the upregulated genes following S. aureus infection with key central molecules MAPK, NF-κB, and TRAF2. The lines represent: red line, downregulation; green line, upregulation; grey line, regulation; purple line, co-expression; blue line, chemical modifications; orange line, physical interaction; dashed turquoise line, predicted protein interaction; dashed pink line, predicted T-factor regulation; black line, others; grey diamond, neighboring key central molecule; purple circle, genes upregulated in this study; brown square, non-translatable.