Association of social and cognitive impairment and biomarkers in autism spectrum disorders

Table 1 GABA (μmol/L), serotonin (ng/mL), dopamine (ng/L), oxytocin (μLU/mL), and IFI16 (ng/mL) levels of control and autistic groups

Parameters	Group	n	Mean ± SD	P value ^a	P value ^b
GABA (μmol/L)	Control	30	0.16 ± 0.04
	Patients with autism	30	0.27 ± 0.09		0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in CARS)	21	0.24 ± 0.07	0.016	0.001
	Autism (severe in CARS)	9	0.32 ± 0.07	0.016	0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in SRS)	12	0.24 ± 0.07	0.010	0.002
	Autism (severe in SRS)	15	0.31 ± 0.06	0.010	0.001
Serotonin (ng/mL)	Control	30	154.83 ± 41.75
	Patients with autism	48	29.40 ± 8.95		0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in CARS)	22	28.23 ± 6.12	0.043	0.001
	Autism (severe in CARS)	25	33.18 ± 9.58		0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in SRS)	15	22.04 ± 5.41	0.017	0.001
	Autism (severe in SRS)	21	27.92 ± 7.83		0.001
Dopamine (ng/L)	Control	27	548.78 ± 54.12
	Patients with autism	28	396.86 ± 60.97		0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in CARS)	11	360.93 ± 54.78	0.019	0.001
	Autism (severe in CARS)	17	413.41 ± 54.05	0.019	0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in SRS)	11	375.19 ± 40.10	0.019	0.001
	Autism (severe in SRS)	12	418.46 ± 41.76	0.019	0.001
Oxytocin (μLU/mL)	Control	30	139.22 ± 36.62
	Patients with autism	50	71.71 ± 18.09		0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in CARS)	27	80.74 ± 18.78	0.001	0.001
	Autism (severe in CARS)	23	63.67 ± 14.72	0.001	0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in SRS)	20	78.63 ± 17.16		0.001
	Autism (severe in SRS)	18	66.72 ± 17.92		0.001
IFI16 (ng/mL)	Control	30	1.75 ± 0.42
	Patients with autism	56	2.97 ± 0.84		0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in CARS)	29	2.82 ± 0.85	0.048	0.001
	Autism (severe in CARS)	25	3.25 ± 0.64		0.001
	Autism (mild to moderate in SRS)	21	2.80 ± 0.78	0.028	0.001
	Autism (severe in SRS)	21	3.31 ± 0.64		0.001

ISSN: 1742-2094