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Figure 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 2

From: Paroxetine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation via differential regulation of MAPK signaling

Figure 2

Paroxetine attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-α and IL-1β in BV2 cells. (A) Concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β in culture media. BV2 cells were pretreated with paroxetine at 0, 0.1, 0.2, 1 or 5 μM for 30 minutes and then stimulated with LPS at 100 ng/ml for 24 hours. *P < 0.05 versus treated with LPS alone. (B) The mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. BV2 cells were pretreated with 5 μM paroxetine for 30 minutes followed by LPS treatment at 100 ng/mL for six hours. The mRNA levels of each cytokine were quantified and normalized with their respective β-actin. Each value was then expressed relative to the one treated with LPS alone, which was set as 100. *P < 0.05; values are means ± SE of three independent experiments. PAR, paroxetine; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.

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