Figure 4

Curcumin decreased neuroinflammation and the activation of CD11b-positive cells co-labeled with TLR4 post-trauma. (A) Representative CD11b-positive cells co-labeled with TLR4 in the pericontusional tissue at 24 hours post-trauma. (B) Quantification showed that curcumin-treated mice had significantly fewer CD11b-positive cells co-labeled with TLR4 in the pericontusional tissue than vehicle-treated mice. The total number of CD11b-positive cells co-labeled with TLR4 is expressed as the mean number per field of view. ELISA showed that curcumin treatment resulted in a change in the release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1 and RANTES (C, D, E, F, G) at 24 hours post-trauma. Values (mean ± SD) are representative of two independent experiments (n = 6 mice/group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Bar = 20 μm.