Figure 4

Photomicrographs showing astrocytes, microglia and TNF-α labeled cells in the PVWM. Photomicrographs showing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (First column; A-D), Iba-1 (Second column; E-H), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α immunolabeling (Third column; I-L) in the PVWM in Sal-Sham (row 1; A, E, I), LPS-Sham (row 2; B, F, J), Sal-Asp (row 3; C, G, K) and LPS-Asp (bottom; D, H, L). Arrows show examples of labeled cells. Note the robust induction of Iba-1 positive reactive microglia and GFAP positive reactive astrocytes after LPS-Sham treatment and Sal-Asp treatment, which was significantly attenuated in the LPS-Asp group. The LPS-Asp group showed astrocytes with thinner bodies and fewer processes than LPS-Sham and Sal-Asp. Scale bar = 20 μm. Asp, asphyxia; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; Iba-1, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PVWM, periventricular white matter; Sal, saline; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.