Figure 3

Assessment of transcriptome associated with endothelium activation and blood–brain barrier integrity. mRNA expression of angiopoietin-1 (ANG)-1 (A), angiopoietin-2 (B), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)β (C), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (D) in whole-brain homogenates of control (Ctrl), artemether (ARM), and neuregulin-1 (NRG-1)-treated Plasmodium berghei-infected mice (n = 5 per group). Expression measured by real-time PCR on day 11 post infection, is relative to the mean expression value in control mice day 5 post infection in brain samples and normalized with HPRT values. Treatment with NRG-1decreases endothelium activation and improves blood–brain barrier integrity. Columns and bars represent means ± standard error. Mean expression values were determined to be significantly different using one-way analysis of variance with the Holm-Sidak post-test method for all pairwise multiple comparison. A P-value <0.05 was considered significant. ^*Statistically significant change compared with Ctrl day(D)5; ^§statistically significant change compared with Ctrl D11. Note the different scales used in each graph.