Figure 3

IL-1 mediates microglia-induced elevation of neuronal levels of substrates of the neuropathological changes characteristic of AD and PD and Lewy body pathologies. Primary neurons were cultured with the conditioned medium from either untreated primary microglia (unCM), or with medium from microglia that had been activated with 30 nM sAPPα (CM). Parallel neuron cultures were pretreated for 1 h with IL-1ra (50 ng/mL), followed by treatment with medium from sAPP-activated microglia (IL-1ra + CM). A) Representative western immunoblot using antibodies recognizing βAPP, α-synuclein, phosphorylated tau, synaptophysin, or p38-MAP kinase (MAPK-p38); B) Densitometric quantification of immunoblot results from duplicate experiments. * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01.