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Figure 1 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 1

From: All-trans retinoic acid induces COX-2 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells: involvement of retinoic acid receptors and extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2

Figure 1

ATRA up-regulates COX-2 expression and increases PGE 2 in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. (a,b) Expression of COX-1 and COX-2 proteins was analyzed by western blot in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells incubated for 24 h with the indicated concentrations of ATRA or incubated with 10 μM ATRA for the indicated times. (c) For comparison, expression of COX-2 protein was also analyzed in cells incubated with the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 β (IL-1β,10 ng/ml). (d) Expression of COX-2 mRNA, analyzed by semiquantitative RT-PCR in cells incubated for 24 h with 10 μM ATRA or 10 ng/ml IL-1β. (e) PGE2 production in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells incubated for 24 h with 10 μM ATRA or 10 ng/ml IL-1β. PGE2 in the medium was determined in triplicate in four separate experiments (for statistical purposes n = 4; * P < 0.01 vs control). (a,b,c,d) Each photograph represents at least three repeated experiments. Equal protein or mRNA loading were confirmed by probing with an anti-α-actin antibody or by co-amplification of 18 S RNA, respectively Normalized density ratio of COX-2 over either α-actin or 18 S RNA is indicated for each band.

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