Table 1 Tissues with AQ4 expression organized via biological system.
System Animal (references) | AQ4-Positive Tissues (Detection Methods)a | Positive Cell Types | Cellular Localization | Expression Pattern |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Nervous human [68, 135] mouse [136, 137] Rat [16, 19, 55, 135, 138–140] | Gray and White Matter (IHC, IEM) | Astrocytes | Perivascular End-Feet | Orthogonal Arrays |
| Â | Ventricles, but not in Choroid Plexus (IHC, IEM) | Ependymal Cells | Basolateral | Orthogonal Arrays |
| Â | Pia Mater (IHC) | Meningeal Cells | N.Db | N.D. |
|  | Retina (ISH, IF, IEM) | Müller Cells Astrocytes | Vitreal End-Feet Perivascular End-Feet | N.D. |
| Â | Posterior Optic Nerve (ISH, IF, IEM) | Astrocytes | Perivascular End-Feet | N.D. |
| Â | Inner Ear (ISH, IF, IEM) | Hensen's Cells Inner Sulcus Cells Supporting Cells of the Vestibular End Organ | Basolateral | N.D. |
Urinary mouse [137] rat [138, 139, 141] | Kidney Medullary Collecting Duct (IEM, IB, IHC, IF) | Epithelial Cells | Basolateral | Orthogonal Arrays |
Respiratory human [142] rat [138] | Ciliated Ducts of Bronchi (IF, IHC) | Columnar Epithelial Cells Intermediate cells | Basolateral | N.D. |
| Â | Acini of Bronchi Submucosal Glands (ISH) | Epithelial Cells | N.D. | N.D. |
| Â | Trachea (IHC) | Epithelial Cells | Basolateral | N.D. |
Muscular human [143] mouse [137, 143] rat [139, 143] | Skeletal Muscle (IF, IEM, RT-PCR) | Fast-Twitch Fiber | Sarcolemma | Limited Orthogonal Arrays |
Digestive human [144] Rat [138, 139, 145] | Stomach (IHC) | Parietal Cells Chief Cells | Basolateral | N.D. |
| Â | Villi of Distal Large Intestine (IHC) | Epithelial Cells | Basolateral | N.D. |
| Â | Salivary Gland Excretory Duct (IHC) | Epithelial Cells | Basolateral | N.D. |
| Â | Liver Bile Duct (RT-PCR, IB) | Epithelial Cells | Basolateral | N.D. |
Integumentary mouse [146] rat [139] | Lacrimal Gland and Excretory Duct (IHC, IF) | Glandular Cells Epithelial Cells | Basolateral | N.D. |