Figure 5

Cytokine expression in segregated populations of cells following stroke. (A, B) Dot plots showing CD11b⁺CD45^high macrophages/granulocytes (upper right quadrants) and CD11b⁺CD45^dim microglia (bottom right quadrants) expressing IL-1β (A) or TNF-α (B). (C-J) Bar graphs showing numbers and proportions of IL-1β (C, D), TNF-α (F, G) and IL-1β/TNF-α co-expressing (I, J) CD11b⁺CD45^dim microglia and CD11b⁺CD45^high macrophages/granulocytes in unmanipulated control mice (n = 10), in mice 6 (n = 7), 12 (n = 7), or 24 hours after pMCAO (n = 10), and in sham-operated mice 24 hours after pMCAO (n = 7). (E, H) Comparison of the MFI values for IL-1β (E) and TNF-α (H) in viable CD11b⁺CD45^dim microglia and CD11b⁺CD45^high macrophages/granulocytes in unmanipulated mice, in mice 6, 12, or 24 hours after pMCAO, and in sham-operated mice 24 hours after pMCAO. Macrophages/granulocytes express significantly more IL-1β than do microglial in unmanipulated mice, in mice 6, 12, or 24 hours after pMCAO, and in sham-operated mice 24 hours after pMCAO (E), whereas microglial cells express significantly higher levels of TNF-α than do macrophages/granulocytes at 12 h and 24 hours, and in sham-operated mice 24 hours after pMCAO (H). (K) CD11b⁺CD45^highGr1^- macrophages and not CD11b⁺CD45^highGr1⁺ granulocytes are the main producers of IL-1β and TNF-α 24 hours after pMCAO. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.