Figure 3

The differential migratory behavior of Aβ-treated microglia in the absence and presence of TGF-β1. BV-2 cells were pretreated with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 1 h, followed by FAM-labeled aggregated Aβ. Continuous cellular movements were recorded by time-lapse microscopy from more than three independent experiments. The images (top to bottom) indicate frames recorded at the indicated times, respectively (A, C). BV-2 cells formed clusters at Aβ aggregates between 354 min and 942 min after the addition of Aβ (A). The addition of TGF-β1 attenuated BV-2 clustering at Aβ aggregates (C). Cell movement of the marked areas in A and C was monitored between 366 and 420 min at a higher magnification (B, D). Instead of clustering toward the Aβ aggregates, cells # 1-3 migrated away from Aβ without stalling. Scale bar: 100 μm.