Journal of Neuroinflammation

Table 1 Patient demographics and clinical characteristics on admission according to prehospital fluid resuscitation treatment groups.

From: Prehospital resuscitation with hypertonic saline-dextran modulates inflammatory, coagulation and endothelial activation marker profiles in severe traumatic brain injured patients

Variables	Resuscitation Group		PValue^†
	*HSD*	NS
Demographics
No. of Patients, n	30	35
Age, yrs	41.8 ± 17.4	42.8 ± 18.8	0.85^a
Sex Ratio (M/F)	19/11	25/10	0.79^c
Vital signs
GCS on Admission	5.6 ± 2.8	5.9 ± 2.6	0.53^b
SBP, mm Hg	133.3 ± 16.2	130.8 ± 28.3	0.83^a
ISS	34.9 ± 9.5	31.7 ± 14.6	0.19^b
APACHE II	12.5 ± 5.9	14.8 ± 5.1	0.24^b
SOFA	4.9 ± 1.7	4.9 ± 2.5	0.72^b
MODS	3.8 ± 1.5	5.0 ± 3.3	0.64^b
Laboratory Values
Hb, g/dL	11.3 ± 1.6	11.9 ± 2.1	0.39^a
Hct, %	32.9 ± 5.0	34.7 ± 5.9	0.40^a
Plt, 10⁹/L	206.2 ± 41.5	219.5 ± 56.4	0.40^a
pH	7.34 ± 0.06	7.33 ± 0.05	0.69^b
BE, mEq/L	-2.1 ± 3.2	-2.4 ± 3.7	0.76^a
aPTT, s	26.2 ± 5.3	24.4 ± 6.1	0.63^a
INR	1.08 ± 0.21	1.12 ± 0.23	0.25^b
Na, mmol/L	146.9 ± 4.5	143.5 ± 5.2	0.03 ^a
Cl, mmol/L	115.4 ± 5.0	111.9 ± 7.0	0.07^a
Osmolality, mOsm/kg	316.0 ± 20.1	306.7 ± 29.1	0.05 ^a
Fluids
Total fluids prehospital, L	0.4 ± 0.3	0.3 ± 0.1	0.83^a
Total fluids in-hospital, L	5.4 ± 2.2	5.3 ± 2.5	0.96^a
Outcomes
GOS	3.7 ± 1.3	3.5 ± 1.5	0.81^b
Length of stay, d	14.1 ± 13.6	14.7 ± 12.5	0.90^a
Mechanical Ventilation, d	6.6 ± 5.2	9.1 ± 5.8	0.71^a
Mortality, n (%)	4 (13.3)	6 (17.1)	0.67^c

Abbreviations (normal ranges): NS, normal saline; HSD, hypertonic saline plus dextran; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS, Injury Severity Score; APACHE II, Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; MODS, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score; Hb, hemoglobin (12-18); Hct, hematocrit (37-52); Plt, platelets (130-400); aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time (25-35 s); INR, International Normalized Ratio (0.8-1.2); BE, base excess (-2/+2); pH (7.35-7.45); GOS, Glasgow Outcome Scale score.
Unless otherwise stated, results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD); ^†statistical significance of differences between resuscitation treatment groups were assessed with ^at-test, ^bMann-Whitney U-test, or ^cChi-square test as appropriate, with significance set at P < .05.

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ISSN: 1742-2094

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