Figure 4

CNS TNFα and MCP-1 levels are increased in 22 month old immunized female mice and unchanged in male mice. A. Levels of inflammatory cytokines IL1β, TGFβ, TNFα, MCP-1, IL4, SDF1, and RANTES were measured from brain homogenates of vehicle or PFA1 treated female mice. There were no significant differences in IL1β, TGFβ, IL4, SDF1, or RANTES between vehicle and PFA1 treated groups. There was a significant 459% (p < 0.05) increase in TNFα, and an 83% increase (p < 0.05) in MCP-1 following PFA1 treatment in female mice. B. Levels of inflammatory cytokines IL1β, TGFβ, TNFα, MCP-1, IL4, SDF1, and RANTES were measured from brain homogenates of vehicle or PFA1 treated male mice. There were no significant differences in any of the cytokines assayed.