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Figure 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 2

From: IL-17A is increased in the serum and in spinal cord CD8 and mast cells of ALS patients

Figure 2

IL-17A/CD8 T cells and TNF-α/CD68 cells infiltrate ALS spinal cord tissues. Sections of thoracic spinal cord of five ALS patients (A to J) and 5 control subjects (two Alzheimer disease patients (K, L, P, Q) and 3 patients without neurological disease (M, N, O, R, S, T) were stained by CD8 antibody (A to E), CD3 antibody (K to O) and CD68 antibody (F to J; P to T) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) (A, B, F, G, K, L, P, Q) or immunofluorescence (IFA) (C, D, E, H, I, J, M, N, O, R, S, T). The significant results were: 1. CD8 in ALS gray matter: focal aggregates of IL-17A/CD8 T cells (red/brown by IHC (A, B) and red/green by IFA (C, D, E)) in 4/8 ALS spinal cords; 2. CD68 in ALS gray and white matter: diffuse infiltration by TNF-α/CD68 cells (red/brown by IHC (F, G), and red/green by IFA (H, I, J)) in 4/8 ALS spinal cords; 3. CD3 in control gray matter: Lack of IL-17A on CD3 cells (no red staining by IHC (K, L) and IFA (M, N, O)) in 3 AD and 4 control spinal cords; 4. CD68 in control gray and white matter: No TNF-α on CD68 cells (no red staining by IHC (P, Q), and IFA (R, S, T) in 3 control spinal cords; IL-17A/mast cell tryptase-positive cells (Fig. 4E) were found in three of 5 ALS and 3 of 3 AD spinal cords. Staining experiments with normal mouse or goat IgG and a secondary antibody were negative with all specimens.

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