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Figure 4 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 4

From: HIV-1 Tat activates indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase in murine organotypic hippocampal slice cultures in a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent manner

Figure 4

Tat induces IDO expression in OHSCs and this effect is potentiated by pretreatment with IFNγ. (A) 4, 40 and 400 ng/slice Tat were added to the medium after 10 days in culture. Tissue was collected 6 h following addition of Tat. Average Ct values for 4, 40 and 400 ng/slice Tat for IDO were, respectively, 35.54 ± 0.29, 32.60 ± 0.39, 32.92 ± 0.30. (B) Hippocampal slices were treated with Tat (40 ng/slice) for 2, 6 and 12 h. Average Ct values at 2, 6 and 12 h for IDO were, respectively, 40.00 ± 0.00, 32.60 ± 0.39, 32.61 ± 0.25. Bars represent the mean ± SEM (n = 3 in each group). Bars labeled with different letters (a or b) are significantly different from each other at p < 0.05. (C) Slices were preincubated with medium alone or with IFNγ (10 ng/ml) for 24 h, and this was followed by addition of 40 ng/slice Tat. Slices were collected 6 h later. Average Ct values for Tat, IFNγ and Tat + IFNγ were, respectively: 32.54 ± 0.37; 32.56 ± 0.25; 29.76 ± 0.37. Data represent the mean ± SEM (n = 3 in each group). Bars labeled with different letters (a or b) are significantly different from each other at p < 0.05. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to medium control; ## p < 0.01 compared to Tat or IFNγ treatment.

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