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Figure 9 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 9

From: JNK signaling is the shared pathway linking neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier disruption, and oligodendroglial apoptosis in the white matter injury of the immature brain

Figure 9

JNK antisense oligodeoxynucleotide significantly reduced neuroinflammation, blood–brain-barrier damage and apoptosis in the white matter after lipopolysaccharide-sensitized hypoxic-ischemia. (A) Immunoblotting of the white matter showed that intracerebroventricular infusion of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) (n = 3) effectively suppressed JNK expression compared with scrambled ODN (n = 3) at 3, 6 and 12 h post-insult. (B) Antisense ODN treatment (n = 8) significantly attenuated upregulation of ED1-positive activated microglia, TNF-α immunoreactivities, IgG extravasation and cleaved caspase 3-positive cells in the white matter 24 h post-insult compared with scrambled oligodeoxynucleotide (n = 8). Scale bar =100 μm for ED1, TNF-α and IgG; 50 μm for cleaved caspase 3. Values are means ± SEM. ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05.

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094