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Figure 5 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 5

From: TGFβ signalling plays an important role in IL4-induced alternative activation of microglia

Figure 5

Direct interactions were not observed between the TGFβ/Smad signalling pathway and the IL4/Stat6 signalling pathways. Primary microglial cells were treated with either with IL4 (10 ng/ml), TGFβ1 (1 ng/ml) alone or together for 1 and 2 hours. The cells were either fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for pSmad2/3 immunostaining or harvested for testing pStat6 and pSmad2 levels. The treatment of TGFβ1 alone or TGFβ1 combining IL4-induced pSmad2/3 nuclear translocation both at 1 and 2 hours while IL4 treatment alone was not able to induced pSmad2/3 nuclear translocation (A). Western blotting showed that IL4 treatment alone exclusively induced Stat6 phosphorylation but not Smad2 phosphorylation after 1 and 2 hours, while TGFβ1 treatment alone or TGFβ1 in combination with IL4 only, induced Smad2 phosphorylation but not Stat6 phosphorylation (B).

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