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Figure 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 2

From: GM-CSF increases LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators via upregulation of TLR4 and CD14 in murine microglia

Figure 2

Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increases toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and CD14 expression in microglia. (A) Microglia were treated with GM-CSF (20 ng/ml) for 6 to 72 h and analyzed for expression of TLR4 and CD14 mRNA by real-time PCR. (B, C) Microglia treated with GM-CSF at 20 ng/ml were analyzed for surface expression of TLR4 and CD14 by flow cytometry (FCM). Data indicate mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (GM-CSF-treated vs. -untreated).

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094