Skip to main content
Figure 4 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 4

From: CCL2 upregulation triggers hypoxic preconditioning-induced protection from stroke

Figure 4

Genetic and pharmacologic evidence for CCL2 involvement in HPC-induced stroke tolerance. (A and B) HPC-induced ischemic tolerance was lacking in CCL2-null animals with HPC completed 2 days prior to (A) a 45-min tMCAo (n = 6) or (B) a 35-min tMCAo (n = 9) tMCAo, versus control CCL2-null mice with tMCAo but no prior HPC (n = 6 and n = 10, respectively). (C) HPC promoted ischemic tolerance to a 35-min tMCAo in CX3CR1GFP/+ wild-type mice. (D) In WT mice, HPC 2 days prior to tMCAo (n = 12) reduced infarct volume resulting from 45-min of tMCAo versus controls with tMCAo but no prior HPC (n = 15). Immunoneutralization of CCL2 prior to HPC reversed this protection relative to untreated control mice with HPC (n = 9), and relative to control mice given the IgG-isotype control antibody prior to HPC (n = 11). Individual values (black-filled circles), mean (black horizontal bars), 75% confidence interval (gray box), and values (open circles) that fell outside of the 95% confidence interval (whiskers) are given. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.0001 vs. HPC.

Back to article page