Figure 2

TLR4 ^−/− mice displayed attenuated brain injury and decreased neuroinflammation. TLR4^−/− had decreased brain water content (A, n = 3) and decreased NDS (B, n = 3). ELISA showed that TLR4^−/− mice had a marked decrease in release of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (C, n = 3) on day 3 post-ICH. D) Immunohistochemistry of CD68 showed decreased macrophage infiltration in TLR4^−/− mice on day 3 post-ICH (n = 3). **P < 0.01 vs. sham group; ^## P < 0. 01 vs. WT group; Bar = 50 μM in D. Values (mean ± SD) are representative of three independent experiments.