Table 1 Cytokine, chemokine and colony stimulating factor concentrations in prenatal maternal serum
6 h after injection | 24 h after injection | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | poly(I:C) | % change | ↑ or ↓ | Control | poly(I:C) | % change | ↑ or ↓ | |
Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines | ||||||||
IL-1α | 386.3 ± 123.3 | 260.0 ± 1.9 | 38 | ↓ | 308.8 ± 90.0 | 160 ± 78.3 | 38 | ↓ |
IL-1β | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 7.0 ± 0.2 | 97 | ↑* | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 7.9 ± 5.1 | 736 | ↑ |
IL-2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 70 | ↑ | ND | 0.4 ± 0.3 | ND | ↑ |
IL-3 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 26 | ↑ | ND | 0.8 ± 0.8 | ND | ↑ |
IL-4 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 25 | ↑ | ND | 0.6 ± 0.6 | ND | ↑ |
IL-5 | 8.5 ± 4.5 | 14.4 ± 1.4 | 69 | ↑ | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 84 | ↑ |
IL-6 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 96.6 ± 48.0 | 5935 | ↑ | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 2.7 | 478 | ↑ |
IL-7 | 3.2 ± 1.3 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 58 | ↓ | 3.5 ± 1.0 | 7.1 ± 6.1 | 305 | ↑ |
IL-9 | 20.0 ± 9.8 | 51.7 ± 3.8 | 158 | ↑* | 12.6 ± 7.4 | 32.7 ± 24.6 | 216 | ↑ |
IL-12(p40) | 5.3 ± 2.8 | 47.4 ± 10.3 | 789 | ↑* | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 6.2 ± 3.4 | 214 | ↑ |
IL-12(p70) | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 12.6 | 289 | ↑* | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 8.4 ± 6.7 | 3236 | ↑ |
IL-13 | 30.7 ± 7.8 | 271.8 ± 19.9 | 784 | ↑** | 44.5 ± 13.7 | 45.0 ± 14.9 | 3 | |
IL-15 | 52. ± 2.3 | 34.8 ± 5.1 | 570 | ↑** | 3.4 ± 1.7 | 7.1 ± 4.0 | 116 | ↑ |
IL-17 | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 63 | ↑ | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 2.3 | 343 | ↑ |
IFN-γ | 1.4 ± 04 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 253 | ↑* | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 4.3 ± 2.5 | 309 | ↑ |
TNF-α | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 13.6 ± 1.5 | 626 | ↑** | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 1.7 | 266 | ↑ |
IL-10 | 4.0 ± 1.2 | 52.8 ± 7.2 | 1210 | ↑** | 3.0 ± 0.2 | 10.4 ± 2.0 | 250 | ↑* |
LIF | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ± 1.4 | 74 | ↑ | ND | 0.6 ± 0.0 | ND | ↑* |
Chemokines | ||||||||
Eotaxin | 86.0 ± 26.6 | 333.3 ± 93.9 | 287 | ↑* | 59.2 ± 10.1 | 70.0 ± 23.2 | 30 | ↑ |
MCP-1 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 1154.0 ± 432.3 | 21400 | ↑* | 5.5 ± 0.4 | 48.2 ± 24.9 | 976 | ↑ |
MIP-1α | 7.4 ± 3.9 | 66.2 ± 5.5 | 802 | ↑** | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 11.6 ± 5.2 | 559 | ↑* |
MIP-1β | 14.9 ± 5.0 | 456.0 ± 112.5 | 2986 | ↑* | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 23.3 ± 7.3 | 533 | ↑ |
RANTES | 6.9 ± 3.6 | 1640.7 ± 735.6 | 23700 | ↑* | 5.0 ± 2.4 | 89.1 ± 27.3 | 569 | ↑* |
IP-10 | 22.8 ± 3.7 | 2089.0 ± 518.5 | 9049 | ↑* | 25.3 ± 4.6 | 180.6 ± 28.5 | 1476 | ↑* |
KC | 17.1 ± 2.9 | 64.3 ± 25.4 | 276 | ↑* | 12.7 ± 2.8 | 15.1 ± 7.4 | 52 | ↑ |
LIX | 1818.7 ± 598.1 | 1640.3 ± 481.8 | 10 | ↓ | 1451.0 ± 483.7 | 1277.7 ± 501.7 | 1 | ↑ |
MIG | 34.7 ± 1.9 | 1855 ± 144.8 | 5259 | ↑** | 75.8 ± 25.8 | 1932.1 ± 867.7 | 2012 | ↑* |
MIP-2 | 46.5 ± 8.8 | 96.0 ± 1.7 | 108 | ↑** | 25.3 ± 3.3 | 42.8 ± 17.5 | 168 | ↑ |
Colony stimulating factors | ||||||||
GM-CSF | 4.4 ± 0.3 | 12.1 ± 2.5 | 174 | ↑* | 10.0 ± 6.1 | 6.9 ± 2.9 | 32 | ↓ |
G-CSF | 165.7 ± 32.7 | 2906.7 ± 678.8 | 1654 | ↑* | 109.7 ± 26.9 | 1823.6 ± 778.4 | 2003 | ↑* |
M-CSF | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 11.4 ± 1.9 | 468 | ↑* | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 1.9 | 465 | ↑ |
VEGF | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 185 | ↑** | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 6 | ↑ |