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Figure 5 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Figure 5

From: Neuroprotective effects of bilobalide on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury are associated with inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediator production and down-regulation of JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK activation

Figure 5

Effects of bilobalide on the levels of nitric oxide, TNF-Α, and IL-1Β in ischemic penumbra after MCAO/R. (A) Pretreatment with bilobalide (5, 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced concentrations of nitric oxide (B) and TNF-Α (C) and IL-1Β in the ischemic penumbra compared with the MCAO/R group. Mean values ± standard error of the mean for six rats per group. ** P < 0.01 versus sham; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 versus MCAO/R. BB, bilobalide; MCAO/R, middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion; NMP, nimodipine.

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094