Cytokine profiles by peripheral blood monocytes are associated with changes in behavioral symptoms following immune insults in a subset of ASD subjects: an inflammatory subtype?

Table 1 Demographics of the study subjects

	Age (year)^a	Gender	Ethnicity	ASD^bDiagnosis
	Median (range)	(M:F)	Ethnicity	Autism	ASD	PDD
ASD subjects
ASD-IS (N = 24)	11.8 (6.0-27.0)	19:5	1 Asian, 1 mixed, 22 W	17	6	1
ASD/NFA (N = 20)	7.5 (3.3-22)	15:5	2 Asians, 2 mixed, 16 W	11	4	5
ASD/non-NFA (N = 20)	12.9 (3.6-20.5)	17:3	1 AA, 3 mixed, 16 W	12	5	1^c
Non-ASD subjects
Non-ASD/NFA (N = 16)	4.3 (1.2-20.6)	9:7	16 W
Normal control (N = 16)	10.5 (4.0-18.7)	10:6	2 mixed, 14 W
PANS (N = 18)	8.2 (5.0-15.8)	18:2	18 W

^aAge when the subject enrolled in the study.
^bAbbreviations used: AA, African-American; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; ASD-IS, ASD-inflammatory subtype; F, female; M, male; NFA, non-IgE mediated food allergy; PDD, pervasive developmental disorder, PANS, pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric disorder; W, Caucasian.
^cIn addition to one PDD subject, two ASD/non-NFA subjects were diagnosed with Asperger syndrome.

ISSN: 1742-2094