Figure 5

Human gene profiles after injection of hMSCs into injured spinal cord. Real-time RT-PCR assays with human-specific primers of naive hMSCs and injured spinal cord after injection of hMSCs into wild-type (wild) and Adcyap1 ^+/− (PA^+/−) mice. Human BDNF (BDNF; (B)) and NT3 (NTF3; (C)) increased 3 days after SCI. Human NGF (NGF; (A)), TSG-6 (TNFAIP6; (D)), IL-4 (IL4; (E)), IL-10 (IL10; (F)), and TGFβ (TGFB1; (G)) increased 7 days after SCI. Injection of hMSCs into Adcyap1 ^+/− mice with SCI resulted in a decrease of human IL4 and TGFB1 expression. Naive means aliquot of cultured hMSCs before transplantation. Data are expressed as mean ± SE (n = 8). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (Tukey post hoc test). Human ADCYAP1 and ADCYAP1R1 expression in hMSCs stimulated with IFNγ (in vitro) (H). hMSCs exposed to IFNγ for 48 h showed increased ADCYAP1 and ADCYAP1R1 expression. MΦ-like differentiated U937 was used as a positive control for the gene expression. BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, B2M β2-microglobulin, NGF nerve growth factor, n.s. no significant, PA ^+/− Adcyap1 (PACAP gene) heterozygous mice.