Table 1 Predictive value of the characteristics on univariate analysis

  Male sex

29 (64.4)

10 (55.6)

19 (70.4)

1.900 (0.548 to 6.590)

0.309^a

  Age, years

53.87 ± 10.78

51.50 ± 10.40

55.44 ± 10.93

0.233^b

  GCS score on admission

9 (4)

11 (3.5)

9 (2)

0.004^c

  Smoking

14 (31.1)

5 (27.8)

9 (33.3)

1.300 (0.352 to 4.796)

0.693^a

  Alcohol abuse

11 (24.4)

5 (27.8)

6 (22.2)

0.743 (0.188 to 2.934)

0.671^a

  Hypertension

26 (57.8)

10 (55.6)

16 (59.3)

1.164 (0.348 to 3.885)

0.805^a

  Diabetes mellitus

11 (24.4)

4 (22.2)

8 (29.6)

1.474 (0.369 to 5.885)

0.582^a

  Coronary heart disease

11 (24.4)

3 (16.7)

8 (29.6)

2.105 (0.475 to 9.338)

0.322^a

  COPD

5 (11.1)

1 (5.6)

4 (14.8)

2.957 (0.303 to 28.882)

0.333^a

  Hematoma volume, ml

59.44 ± 14.26

52.17 ± 13.10

64.30 ± 13.06

0.004^b

  Intraventricular extension

18 (40.0)

4 (22.2)

14 (51.9)

3.769 (0.984 to 14.443)

0.047^a

  Hydrocephalus

10 (22.2)

2 (11.1)

8 (29.6)

3.368 (0.624 to 18.185)

0.143^a

  Midline shift ≥1 cm

24 (53.3)

5 (27.8)

19 (70.4)

6.175 (1.647 to 23.148)

0.005^a

  Brain edema

13 (28.9)

3 (16.7)

10 (37.0)

2.941 (0.680 to 12.730)

0.140^a

  Mechanical ventilation

14 (31.1)

2 (11.1)

12 (44.4)

6.400 (1.224 to 33.482)

0.018^a

  Pneumonia

20 (44.4)

3 (16.7)

17 (63.0)

8.500 (1.964 to 36.790)

0.002^a

NF-κB activation

54.38 ± 20.97

37.11 ± 16.51

65.89 ± 14.91

2.929 (1.616 to 5.311)^d

0^b