Systemic inflammation and microglial activation: systematic review of animal experiments

Table 2 Multiple intraperitoneal challenges with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice and rats

Study	Genetic background	N	Age	Sex	Type of LPS	Dose (mg/kg)	Number of hits	Total dose (mg/kg)	Time of termination	Microglial activation
Mice
Frank-Cannon [38]	C57BL/6	3	6–13 w	U	E. coli (O111:B4)	0.1 b.i.w.	16×	1.6	2 months	No
						0.1 b.i.w.	24×	2.4	3 months	Yes*
						0.1 b.i.w.	48×	4.8	6 months	No
Katafuchi [68]	C57BL/6	8	10 m	M	U	0.25 q.d.	7×	1.75	7 days	Yes
Lee [52]	ICR	5	5 w	M	U	0.25 q.d.	7×	1.75	18 days	Yes
Nguyen [34]	C57BL/6	U	6 m	U	E. coli (O55:B5)	1 q.2wk.	6×	6	15 weeks	No*
Franciosi [46]	FVB/N	5	5 m	B	U	1 q.wk.	4×	4	4 weeks	Yes
			8 m				16×	16	17 weeks	Yes
Chen [25]	C57BL/6	4	8–12 w	M	E. coli (O55:B5)	1 q.d.	2×	2	3 days	Moderate*
							4×	4	5 days	Yes
Shankaran [69]	C57BL/6	5	10–15 w	F	E. coli (O111:B4)	0.3 q.a.d.	4×	1.2	7 days	No
						1 q.a.d.	4×	4	7 days	Yes
						4 q.a.d.	4×	16	7 days	Yes
						4 q.a.d.	14×	56	4 weeks	Yes
Rats
Yin [70]	Sprangue-Dawley	4	3 d	M	E. coli (O55:B5)	0.05 q.a.d	2×	0.1	6 days	Yes
									18 days	Yes
									42 days	No
Wu [9]	Sprangue-Dawley	8	10 w	M	E. coli (U)	1.2 q.d.	14×	16.8	1 week	Yes

Column time of termination is the time from the (first) LPS challenge. All challenges were intraperitoneal
Abbreviations: N number of animals per group, U unknown, M male, F female, B both sexes, m months, w weeks, d days, gr gram, q.d. every day, q.2wk once every 2 weeks, q.wk once a week, q.a.d. every other day, b.i.w. 2 times a week
*Did not express data in statistical values, no statistical information

ISSN: 1742-2094