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Fig. 1 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 1

From: STAT4 controls GM-CSF production by both Th1 and Th17 cells during EAE

Fig. 1

STAT4 is required for disease induction and GM-CSF production following EAE immunization. EAE was induced in WT and STAT4−/− mice by MOG35–55 peptide immunization. a Mice were scored daily for disease severity. b–f Single-cell suspensions were prepared from the dLNs 10 days after EAE immunization and analyzed for GM-CSF production following MOG35–55 restimulation. b Representative plots gated on CD44hiCD4+ T cells. The cumulative (c) frequencies and (d) numbers of GM-CSF+ CD44hiCD4+ T cells are shown. e GM-CSF levels in culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. f GM-CSF mRNA expression was assayed in purified CD4 T cells. Data represent three independent experiments with (a) 2–5, (b–e) 3–6, or (f) 4–5 (pooled) mice in each group (mean ± SD). Student’s t test was performed: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

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