Fig. 1

CSF1R inhibition eliminates microglia from the adult brain. Two-month-old wild-type mice were treated with vehicle, 300- or 1200 mg/kg PLX5622 for 7 or 21 days. a IBA1 immunofluorescent staining was performed on vehicle, 300 and 1200 mg/kg treated animals; representative 10× confocal images are shown for 7 and 21 days of treatment. b Quantification of the number of IBA1⁺ cells for all groups was performed using IMARIS software. c–f 2 month-old wild-type mice were treated with 300 or 1200 mg/kg PLX5622 or vehicle for 14 days, and LPS or PBS was then administered via IP (0.5 mg/kg). mRNA for TNFα and IL-1β was measured and normalized to GAPDH in control and PLX5622-treated mice injected with PBS or LPS, showing a marked increase in both inflammatory markers in control groups injected with LPS and a dampened response to LPS in PLX5622-treated groups (d). e, f Inflammatory markers were measured via MSD® Multi-Spot Assay, revealing increases in nearly all markers with LPS injection; treatment with 1200 mg/kg PLX5622 treatment lowered the LPS-induced elevated levels of IFNγ, IL-10, and IL-1β. Treatment with 300 mg/kg PLX5622 had no significant effect on elevated levels of LPS-induced elevated levels of markers. *Indicates significance (p > 0.05), # indicates a statistical trend (p < 0.1), via two-way ANOVA with post hoc paired contrasts. Error bars indicate SEM