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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: IL-4/10 prevents stress vulnerability following imipramine discontinuation

Fig. 2

CRS mice with imipramine co-treatment exhibited anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors upon an exposure to short-term acute stress. Drug treatment and stressful stimuli exposure timeline: CRS, chronic restraint stress; SP, sucrose preference test; EPM, elevated plus maze; TST, tail suspension test; RS, restraint stress; LD, light–dark box; FST, forced swimming test (a). Depressogenic effect of foot shock stress was assessed, and foot shock stress alone does not affect anxiety-like or depressive-like behaviors in the non-stressed (CON) and CRS mice (b). Prior to the exposure to foot shock, CRS mice with imipramine co-treatment (co-Imi+CRS) did not exhibit anhedonic behavior (sucrose preference test, SP), anxiety-like behaviors in EPM, and depressive-like behaviors in TST compared with CON (c). However, following the exposure to electric foot shock, they (co-Imi+CRS) showed decreased sucrose preference, exhibited anxiety-like behavior in LD, and depressive-like behaviors in FST compared with CON (d). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 compared with the controls unless indicated otherwise with an arrow, n = 8–10 in each group and the data shown are mean ± standard mean error (SEM). Three times independent experiments was performed, giving a total of nine per group in the final analysis for Western blot

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