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Table 1 Acute post-injury outcomes

From: Progesterone treatment reduces neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and brain damage and improves long-term outcomes in a rat model of repeated mild traumatic brain injury

 

Injury 1

Injury 2

Injury 3

 

Hind limb

Self-righting

Hind limb

Self-righting

Hind limb

Self-righting

SHAM + VEH

0 ± 0

98.9 ± 5.2

0 ± 0

98.1 ± 6.5

0 ± 0

93.3 ± 5.0

SHAM + PROG

0 ± 0

101.8 ± 5.8

0 ± 0

99.2 ± 6.4

0 ± 0

96.1 ± 7.4

rFPI + VEH

0.83 ± .56*

149.2 ± 13.4*

2.08 ± .96*

159.9 ± 13.7*

1.25 ± .90*

160.2 ± 9.6*

rFPI + PROG

1.15 ± .61*

158.7 ± 13.0*

1.54 ± .67*

150.2 ± 10.5*

1.54 ± .87*

154.5 ± 8.0*

  1. Regardless of the assigned treatment, rFPI resulted in worse acute injury severity outcomes as indicated by increased hind limb withdrawal and self-righting reflex times compared to the SHAM groups. There was no apnea observed after any of the injuries
  2. *rFPI significantly greater than sham-injured groups, p < 0.001