Fig. 3

Phagocytosis is increased in ASC+/− LPS-primed astrocytes treated with Aβ42. Astrocytes primed with 1 μg/ml LPS for 3 h were treated with 10 μM Aβ42 for 3 h. Phagocytic capacity was assessed by adding pHrodo™ Red Zymosan Bioparticles® 2 h before visualization (a); pHrodo™ Red dye conjugates fluoresce brightly red only in phagolysosomes. Media from treated ASC+/− astrocytes were added to ASC+/+ and ASC−/− cells, and phagocytic capacity was assessed (b). Quantity of internalized bioparticles was evaluated by measuring fluorescence areas using image J (b, d). Hoechst staining was performed to evaluate cell density. Results are expressed as a percentage of pHrodo positive area and presented as the mean ± SEM (a, b n = 4 in duplicate; c, d n = 3 in duplicate). Statistical differences were determined using an ANOVA analysis, and post Bonferroni multiple comparison test. **P < 0.01 and *P < 0.05 vs ASC+/− LPS Aβ42 and ⁺⁺⁺ P < 0.001 vs respective control (b), **P < 0.01 vs respective control (d)