Fig. 4
From: Urban traffic-derived nanoparticulate matter reduces neurite outgrowth via TNFα in vitro
CM from glia treated with nPM decreased neurite outgrowth. a Neurons treated with mixed glial CM; βIII-tubulin IHC; scale bar = 40 μm. b Neurons treated with CM from nPM-treated mixed glia; βIII-tubulin IHC; scale bar = 40 μm. c Addition of CM from nPM-treated mixed glia, astrocytes, or microglia decreased neurite length by 20, 15, and 30 %, respectively, vs controls. Microglial CM controls had lower baseline neurite outgrowth compared to mixed glia CM and astrocyte CM. (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001; ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test; n = 100 neurons). d Neurite number showed trend for decrease by addition of CM from nPM-treated mixed glia, astrocyte, or microglia (n.s., ANOVA)