Fig. 4

IPS-1 is important for controlling infection in the CNS. WT and IPS-1 ^−/− mice were infected intraperitoneally with 10⁴ FFU of LGTV, and mice brains were isolated for immunohistology. a Depicted are the immunohistological analyses of the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb and hippocampus of uninfected and infected mice (7 dpi). Representative pictures of at least two mice per group, GFAP (red), LGTV E-protein (green), and DAPI (blue). Magnification ×10, scale bar 200 μm. b Depicted are the immunohistological analyses of the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb in uninfected and infected mice (7 dpi). Representative pictures of at least two mice per group, GFAP or IBA-1 or NeuN (red), LGTV E-protein (green), and DAPI (blue). Virus-infected astrocytes, microglial cell, and neurons are indicated by a white arrow. Magnification ×40, scale bar 50 μm. c Quantification of LGTV positive GFAP, IBA-1, and NeuN-positive cells in glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb in infected mice (7 dpi). d Primary neurons isolated from hippocampus of WT and IPS-1 ^−/− were infected with 0.001 MOI of LGTV; viral burden were analyzed by focus forming assay 24, 48, and 72 h post infection. Data represent the mean and standard error of the mean (SEM) of from at least three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate statistical significance calculated by unpaired T test * p < 0.05