Fig. 3
From: Role of docosahexaenoic acid in the modulation of glial cells in Alzheimer’s disease
DHA and docosanoids modulate the activation of microglia. DHA and/or docosanoids activate RXR/PPARγ heterodimers that promote transcription of anti-inflammatory cytokines and acquisition of M2 anti-inflammatory profile [74–78]. IL-1 interleukin 1, IL1RN interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, ITGB2 integrin B 2 protein, IL-4 interleukin 4, IL-6 interleukin 6, NF-κB nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, Aβ amyloid β peptide, DHA docosahexaenoic acid, NPD1 neuroprotectin D1, RvD1 resolvin D1, RXR/PPARγ heterodimers of nuclear transcription factors RXR and PPARγ, M1 pro-inflammatory microglia, M2 anti-inflammatory microglia, green arrows anti-inflammatory and clearance action