Fig. 4

Effects of OT on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression and secretion in microglia. a BV-2 cells were pre-treated with or without OT (0.1–10 μM) for 2 h followed by LPS (500 ng/ml) for 24 h. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by Western blotting, and β-actin was used to evaluate protein loading. b BV-2 cells were pre-treated with or without OT (0.1–10 μM) for 2 h followed by LPS (500 ng/ml) for 4 h. The relative expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β gene were analyzed by RT-PCR. c Primary microglia were pre-treated with or without OT (1 μM) for 2 h followed by LPS (500 ng/ml) for 24 h. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were analyzed by Western blotting, and β-actin was used to evaluate protein loading. d Primary microglia were per-treated with or without OT (1 μM) for 2 h followed by LPS (500 ng/ml) for 24 h. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR, and β-actin was used to evaluate protein loading. Each value was normalized to β-actin. Values represent the mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 LPS VS Con; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001, LPS + OT VS LPS