Fig. 1

PTP1B expression is upregulated by LPS in the mouse brain. a mRNA expression of PTP1B in the brain 24 h after LPS injection (5 mg/kg). The expression of PTP-Meg2 and TC-PTP were also measured by RT-PCR along with the inflammatory maker, Lcn2. The band intensity of PTP1B, PTP-Meg2, and TC-PTP mRNA from three to four independent experiments was measured and normalized to β-actin expression. *p < 0.05 versus vehicle control. NS not significant. b Western blot analysis of PTP1B protein expression levels in the brain 6 h or 24 h after LPS injection. α-tubulin was used as a loading control. The graphs show the average band intensity of PTP1B and the error bars show standard error from 5 animals 24 h after LPS injection. *p < 0.05 versus vehicle-injected control, analyzed by Student’s t test. c PTP1B expression (green) in the cortex area. PTP1B is co-localized with Iba-1 (red), a microglia marker, 24 h after LPS injection (5 mg/kg). Arrows indicate colocalization of PTP1B and Iba-1 expression. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue)