Fig. 1

Chemical depletion of microglia by Ara-C/LME. Ara-C/LME treatment removed Iba1-positive cells. Representative photographs showing fluorescent immunostaining of DAPI (blue), Iba1 (green), or GFAP (red) in the secondary astroglial culture. In untreated astroglia, there was a small number of Iba1-positive cells. Scale bar, 50 μm (a). After Ara-C/LME-treatment, Iba1-positive cells disappeared. Scale bar, 50 μm (b). In untreated astroglia, 10.8 ± 0.16 (%) of Iba 1-positive cells were observed, while in Ara-C/LME-treated astroglia, only 0.5 ± 1.0 (%) of cells were Iba1-positive. Values are the means ± SD of four areas (c). Western blotting showed that both the normal astroglial culture (with microglia) and Ara-C/LME-treated astroglial culture (without microglia) expressed TLR4 (d)