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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: Activated brain mast cells contribute to postoperative cognitive dysfunction by evoking microglia activation and neuronal apoptosis

Fig. 3

Cromolyn inhibited surgery-induced and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus and ameliorated the cognitive decline. a Immunostaining was used to detect caspase-3 in area CA1 of the hippocampus. Scale bar 50 μm. b Quantification of caspase-3-positive cells in area CA1 of the hippocampus (n = 6). The freezing time in trace fear conditioning test (c) and the number of learning trials in Y Maze test (d) were recorded to analyze the cognitive changes (n = 10). e The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, APP, PSD95, and MMP-9 was detected by Western blotting using specific antibodies in the hippocampus of rats. Each blot is representative of three experiments. f Expression of Bax was quantified and normalized to Bcl-2 levels, and expression of APP, PSD95, and MMP-9 were quantified and normalized to GAPDH levels. Each value was then expressed relative to the control, which was set to 1 (n = 5). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 vs. control group. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 vs. surgery group. Data are presented as the mean ± SD

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