Fig. 5

Astrogliosis and diffuse axonal injury in relation to in vitro binding of [¹⁸F]DPA-714 on day 7 after closed head weight-drop TBI in mice. a Representative images of [¹⁸F]DPA-714 in vitro autoradiography and the initial trauma severity (NSS at 1 h after TBI) plotted in relation to positive/negative [¹⁸F]DPA-714 accumulation. b, c Representative images of GFAP-positive astrocytes (b) or SMI-32 staining of axons (c) on the left and on the right counts of GFAP-positive cells or SMI-32 positive damaged axons (retraction bulbs/brain section) in sham-operated (n = 4), mTBI (n = 6), and TBI (n = 6) mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. d, e Linear regression analyses between the initial trauma severity and number of GFAP-positive cells (d) or SMI-32 positive retraction bulbs (e). f, g GFAP-positive cells counts (f) or damaged axons (g) plotted in relation to [¹⁸F]DPA-714 uptake in TBI mice by in vitro autoradiography (negative n = 6, positive n = 6). ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05