Fig. 4

VPAC1-deficient mice exhibit reduced immune cell infiltration into the CNS meninges and parenchyma after EAE induction. EAE was induced in WT and VPAC1 KO mice as described in the “Methods”, and the spinal cord tissues were obtained on day 14 post-immunization. Cryostat section were stained by immunofluorescence for CD4 (Alexa 594), laminin (FITC), and nuclei (DAPI). Representative photomicrographs at ×20 magnification are shown. Results shown are representative of two independent experiments of n = 3 mice/group