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Fig. 4 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 4

From: IL-33 signaling is essential to attenuate viral-induced encephalitis development by downregulating iNOS expression in the central nervous system

Fig. 4

IL-33 protects mice from ROCV-induced encephalitis. a Groups of ten female 6-week-old BALB/c (WT) and T1/ST2-deficient mice (ST2−/−) were infected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1.104 PFU of ROCV and monitored daily for survival up to 21 days post-infection. b Clinical score of ROCV-infected WT and ST2−/− mice. c The viral load on the brains of infected WT and ST2−/− mice was assessed by real-time qPCR on day 9 post-infection. Expression levels of IL-4 (d), IFN-γ mRNA (e), and TNF-α (f) in the brain of mice infected with ROCV 1.104 PFU 9 days post-infection, analyzed by qPCR. ELISA quantification of IFN-γ (g) and TNF-α (h) in serum of WT and ST2−/− mice as indicated on the figure legends. i Histopathological analysis of brain tissues from mock wild type—histopathological score as described in the “Methods” section. Histologic slides of mock-infected WT (j), 1.104 PFU ROCV-infected wild type (k), mock ST2−/− (l), and 1.104 PFU ROCV-infected ST2−/− mice (m); all the animals were sacrificed at 9 days post-infection. Magnification ×200. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, or # non-significant compared to WT at 9 days post-infection. Data are representative as the mean of three independent experiments with at least four animals per group. Statistical analysis was performed by unpaired Student t test using the software GraphPad Prism

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