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Fig. 7 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 7

From: TLR2 and TLR9 modulate enteric nervous system inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide

Fig. 7

TLR4/9 combined stimulation elicits synergic pro-inflammatory responses in ENS culture. Embryonic ENS cultures were incubated with the specified combinations of MAMPs for 24 h. Randomised block design analysis followed by Tukey’s post hoc test was applied to minimise statistical differences due to intrinsic culture responsiveness. a TNF-α (n = 4–9; ODN 1826 + LPS vs. LPS, ***P < 0.001; ODN 1826 + LPS vs. Bay 11-7082 + ODN 1826 + LPS, **P < 0.01). b IL-6 (n = 4–9; ODN 1826 + LPS vs. LPS, ***P < 0.001; ODN 1826 + LPS vs. Bay 11-7082 + ODN 1826 + LPS, *P < 0.05). c MCP-1 (n = 4–9; LPS vs. Bay 11-7082 + LPS, ***P < 0.001)

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