Fig. 5

Cortical neutrophil recruitment and BBB breakdown. a Significant increase of neutrophils in the cortex of the injected hemisphere of animals that received intra-striatal injections of IL-1β- compared to vehicle-injected controls (**** p < 0.0001 comparing ipsilateral cortices in vehicle- versus IL-1β-injected animals and **** p < 0.0001 comparing ipsilateral versus contralateral cortex in IL-1β-injected animals using a two-way ANOVA with Sidak post-test). Right: representative photomicrographs of the ipsilateral cortex; scale bar 100 μm. b Increased IgG immunostaining (indicative of blood-brain barrier breakdown) was observed in the ipsilateral cortex of animals that received intra-striatal injections of IL-1β- than in vehicle-injected controls (**** p < 0.0001). Right: representative photomicrographs of IgG-immunostained brain sections from rats injected with vehicle (left) and IL-1β (right); scale bar 2.5 mm